Organic nitrogen compounds

What you'll learn

• Describe the formation of alkyl amines and phenylamine.
• Describe and explain the basicity of amines, and the relative basicities of ammonia, ethylamine and phenylamine.
• Describe the reaction of phenylamine with aqueous bromine and with nitric(III) acid to give the diazonium salt and phenol, followed by coupling to make a dye.
• Identify the azo group and describe the formation of other azo dyes.
• Describe the formation of amides from the reaction between R1NH2 and R2COCl, and their hydrolysis by aqueous alkali or acid.
• Explain why amides are weaker bases than amines.
• Describe the acid/base properties of amino acids and the formation of zwitterions, including the isoelectric point.
• Describe the formation of amide (peptide bonds) between amino acids to give di- and tripeptides.
• Describe simply the process of electrophoresis and the effect of pH, using peptides and amino acids as examples.

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